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Based on a research subject proposed by Huang Meixu, a senior member of the theater community, this thesis aims to identify the mainstream of Taiwanese theater in the 1950s. After compiling, sorting, counting, and comparing the data on the creation and performance of theater at that time, this paper finds that in the 1950s, a period that is often regarded as "anti-Communist and anti-Russian" period in the history of Taiwanese theater, the officially promoted anti-Communist and anti-Russian theater were not the mainstream of theater creation and performance. In order to investigate the reasons for this phenomenon, this paper, taking the Bourdieu's field theory as an analytical framework, Ding Luonan's "holistic view of theater" and Fu Ke's "anti-history" as a methodological perspective, inspects the influence of the government on the "autonomy" of the theater production field in this period from two dimensions: creation and performance, explores the mechanism behind the formation of this phenomenon in the theater ecology on this basis, and tries to outline the general appearance of the theater ecology in this period. In terms of official influence on the field of theater text production, the literary system and literary policies officially constructed did not include most of the Taiwanese playwrights at that time. At the same time, the preference of cultural resources made the works of the playwrights who moved to Taiwan from mainland China, become the mainstream of publication and publishing. Taiwanese-born playwrights who lived in local theater troupes created plays suitable for commercial performance and achieved "alternative publication" through the theater stage. At the same time, the official literary and artistic award policy lacked a mechanism to move directly from the text to the stage. Since 1953, especially since Chiang Kai-shek published "Two Supplementary Notes on the People’s Livelihood Yule", the official demands in terms of the literary works, including theater texts, were no longer limited to anti-Communist and anti-Russian. The diversified demands gave rise to the production of plays on other subjects, which also led to the translation and publication of foreign classics. As a result, the production of theater texts in this period took on a diversified appearance. Therefore, from the overall perspective, even with the absence of Taiwanese playwrights, the anti-Communist and anti-Russian theater were not the mainstream of the production of dramatic texts in this period either. In terms of the official influence on the theater performance field, there were official regulations on the censorship and control of theater companies and theaters, and heavy taxes were imposed on the theater industry under many reasons during that period, which made the competition in the theater market even more difficult for the theater genres from mainland China that were originally "unconvincing" in Taiwan. However, the effectiveness of these initiatives is often undermined by poor implementation at the grassroots level and by the existence of government-business rivalries. In an effort to influence and control local local theater troupes in Taiwan, the officials organize annual local theater competitions through the Taiwan Provincial Local Theater Association and require the troupes to perform plays with themes of anti-Communism and anti-Russian resistance or teaching loyalty, filial, and piety. However, most of the troupes, after coping with the competition, basically do not perform such "competition plays" in private commercial performances. As for the training courses for local theater personnel organized by the government, the theater troupes also attended them out of necessity, and there was no official mechanism to monitor the implementation of the learning contents into the performance of the theater troupes. As a result, none of these initiatives could make such missionary plays as anti-Communist and anti-Russian plays generate the deep influence on the Taiwanese people. In general, since the official government had no intention or ability to control the entire process of theater production, all theaters and theater troupes in Taiwan were incorporated as official institutions and units. Under such circumstances, the objective existence of the theater market led to a picture of the "reverse suppression of the silent" in Taiwan's theater ecological field in the 1950s. That is, Taiwan's aboriginal and local theaters, represented by Gezi opera, puppet theater and Taiwan New Play, had no right to speak in the court of public opinion at that time, and were often regarded as objects in need of improvement. However, in the competition of the theater market, they basically confined the Mandarin plays and the local plays from the mainland China to the Taipei where the mainlanders lived and to the theater activities of the official background, which has led to the formation of a kind of theatrical ecological characteristic of "although the power is high, the market is still far away". It is precisely this structural characteristic that led to the fact that anti-Communist and anti-Russian plays were not the mainstream of Taiwanese theater in the 1950s.
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