在血庫以及醫學中心中，準確並且快速的辨識血型是非常重要的，特別是在輸血過程中，能否對於受血者(recipient)以及供血者(donor)的人在安全的血下作業，錯誤的輸血會造成嚴重的溶血反應。而在醫院，需要依靠醫檢師利用玻片法或試管法並且用肉眼及顯微鏡辨識結果，不僅消耗人力，而且還會增加人為的錯誤，目前市面上的自動血型判讀儀器，雖然可以解決上述大部分的問題，節省人力，利用電腦管理解決人為填寫資料時的疏失，並且增加產能，但是比較大的缺點是儀器本身體積龐大，不是可攜帶移動，也難做到遠端家護應用遠的市場。
在此研究中，我們致力於製作出快速檢測ABO和Rh血型系統並且減少樣本消耗的診斷凝血晶片，利用微機電技術製作出來的微流體晶片，因為其微小的結構達到減少樣本的消耗。在結構上利用指壓式幫浦，達到節省外部大型儀器的需求，並達到可攜帶、簡單操作以及快速反應的目的，並且致力於利用影像技術、電腦化的管理藉此達到精準的判斷並且減少人為的失誤。
本研究整體分為微流體晶片系統及無透鏡投影成像系統，微流體晶片中包含了指壓式幫浦、控制流量模組、微型混和器，將抗體預先放進晶片中，再一起藉由指壓式幫浦推送樣品至主要流道區域混和，並將觀測區投影在CMOS影像感測器上，把得到的影像送入微處理器(Raspberry Pi)進行影像處理，分辨各區域是否有凝集現象，以進行判讀鑑別血型及其他凝集反應應用。

In the blood bank and medicine center, precise and fast blood type identification is very important, especially for the recipient and the donor in the blood transfusion process which needs to be done in a safety environment. Improper blood transfusion could cause severe hemolytic reactions. In the hospital, patients need to rely on the medical staff to use either the slide method or the test tube method to identify the results with the naked eyes and microscope. This not only requires additional manpower, but also increases the possibility of human error. Although the presently existing automatic blood group testing instruments could resolve some of the above problems by using computers to fill out the information and increase production capacity, but the instrument itself is bulky and expensive for portable and point-of-care applications.
In this research, a rapid blood testing chip and system for ABO blood grouping and Rh grouping system was developed. MEMS techniques were used to develop and fabricate the chip. The required sample consumption is minimized in this developed chip system. The device consists of finger-powered micro-pumps which help the size and cost saving as compared to large external equipment. In addition, it is a portable device with simple operation giving rapid response, and can be integrated with computerized management to achieve accurate testing and reduce human error.
In this research, the integrated system, which comprises of lens-free projective system and an agglutination chip including micro-pump, a valve module, and micro-mixer, was developed. The agglutination chip preloaded with the antibody in the chip took advantage of finger-powered micro-pump and the valve module to control the sample with the antibody through the embedded micromixer. The image was then projected to the CMOS image sensor. The microprocessor (Raspberry Pi) was integrated and used for image processing, to distinguish whether the detection region had agglutination or not.

Abstract 1
摘要 2
致謝 3
圖目錄 6
第一章 緒論 9
1.1前言 9
1.2研究動機與目的 11
1.3 研究背景 13
1.3.1 生醫微機電與實驗室晶片 13
1.3.2 凝集反應 14
1.3.3 目前的血庫檢測方法 17
1.3.4 無透鏡成像系統 21
1.3.5電腦視覺 22
1.4 文獻回顧 22
1.4.1微型閥 22
1.4.2 微型混合器： 30
1.4.3 無透鏡成像投影系統 39
1.4.4 微型幫浦 41
第二章 系統理論與晶片設計 43
2.1 系統理論 43
2.1.1 微流體晶片設計理論 43
2.1.2 微型混合理論： 48
2.1.3 微流體晶片設計 50
第三章 微流道晶片製程 55
3.1 製作流程 55
3.1.1 黃光微影製程 55
3.1.2微流道晶片製程 57
3.2製程結果 60
第四章 實驗結果與討論 62
4.1 晶片實驗結果與測試 62
4.1.1主動式微幫浦定量測試： 62
4.1.2主動式微幫浦在多組流道中測試： 64
4.1.3 抽取式微幫浦測試 66
4.1.4 整體晶片測試 70
4.2系統設計 72
4.2.1 系統硬體架設 73
4.2.2 光源設計 75
4.2.3 影像軟體設計 77
第五章 結論與未來展望 81
5.1結論 81
5.2未來展望 82
參考文獻 83

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