在二氧化碳捕獲技術中，化學吸收法主要使用的吸收劑為醇胺類水溶液，乙醇胺為目前商業化的標準吸收劑。然而，此種醇胺水溶液為有機溶劑容易揮發，因此會被煙道氣帶至大氣中對人體及環境造成傷害。根據Khakharia, P.中的文獻1指出煙道氣中含有氮氧化物及硫氧化物所形成的細小凝結核，此凝結核為造成醇胺洩漏的主要原因，雖然吸收塔上方有加裝水洗塔降低醇胺洩漏，但是裝置並非針對氣溶膠微粒的移除，因此醇胺洩漏問題仍然存在，此外，目前尚未有系統化的方法觀測其凝結核與醇胺水溶液在吸收塔中作用的機制。因此本研究主要目的在於建立一套能夠準確測量吸收塔乙醇胺排放濃度的系統，以深入探討氣溶膠在不同吸收塔：填充床(PB)與旋轉床(RPB)中對乙醇胺洩漏的影響。
本研究中使用氣溶膠產生器產生實驗所需的氣溶膠，使用粒徑分析儀測量經由氣溶膠的粒徑分佈與微粒數目，使用攜帶式傅立葉轉換紅外光譜儀測量乙醇胺洩漏濃度。實驗結果顯示若是沒有氣溶膠通入旋轉床與填充床，乙醇胺洩漏的濃度微小到幾乎可以忽略。若是將蔗糖氣溶膠通入填充床吸收塔中，乙醇胺洩漏濃度約為400~800ppmv，乙醇胺洩漏濃度明顯的增加。使用硫酸作為產生氣溶膠的前置物通入填充床的實驗結果顯示，硫酸氣溶膠所造成的乙醇胺洩漏濃度約為1100~1400ppmv，代表酸性氣溶膠所造成的乙醇胺洩漏濃度叫中性氣溶膠高。此外，在填充床吸收塔中，乙醇胺洩漏濃度會隨著液氣比提升而增加，而在旋轉床吸收塔中趨勢則與填充床相反。

Large-scale deployment of post-combustion CO2 chemical capture, absorption by chemical solvents have been demonstrated to be possible. One of the remaining concerns is the leakage of amines, which may result in the damage to human health and the environment. Literature revealed that amine slip increases in the presence of aerosol particles in the flue gas. However, systematic investigation of the mechanism is still absent. The objective of this work is to set-up an experiment to measure the effect of aerosol on monoethanolamine (MEA) slip in different absorbers, a packed bed (PB) and a rotating packed bed (RPB). In this research, the aerosol was generated by a generator TSI-3076. A particle size analyzer TSI model 3330 was used to analyze the particle size distribution and particle counts in the aerosol created. The FTIR instrument Gasmet DX-4000 was calibrated to measure MEA concentrations in the outlet gas stream. If no aerosol was introduced into the inlet gas, MEA emissions are negligible in both absorbers. If sucrose aerosol were present in the packed bed absorber, MEA emission is about 400~800ppmv. If sulfuric acid aerosol were present in the packed bed absorber, MEA emission is about 1100~1400ppmv. An aerosol with sulfuric acid as nuclei aerosol causes more MEA emission than aerosol with sucrose as nuclei. The MEA emission increased with L/G ratio increasing in a packed bed, the trend is just opposite in RPB.

目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
圖目錄 V
表目錄 VII
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 研究動機與目的 7
第二章 文獻回顧 8
2-1 胺類吸收劑洩漏 8
2-2 吸收塔後端觀測氣膠裝置 9
2-3 氣膠形成機制 12
2-4 氣溶膠移除裝置 13
2-5 氣膠建模與結果 15
2-6 水洗塔對氣溶膠影響 19
第三章 研究方法 22
3-1 實驗儀器 22
3-2 實驗藥品 27
3-3 氣溶膠測量實驗 28
3-3.1 氣溶膠測量實驗裝置 28
3-3.2 氣溶膠測量實驗結果 29
3-4 攜帶式傅立葉轉換紅外光譜儀校正實驗 30
3-4.1 校正實驗裝置 30
3-4.2 校正實驗結果 32
第四章 結果與討論 35
4-1 乙醇胺洩漏實驗 35
4-1.1 乙醇胺洩漏實驗裝置 35
4-1.2 實驗結果與討論 36
4-2 填充床實驗 39
4-2.1 填充床實驗裝置 39
4-2.2 實驗結果與討論 40
4-2.3 實驗與文獻比較 45
4-3 旋轉床實驗 46
4-3.1 旋轉床實驗裝置 46
4-3.2 結果與討論 47
第五章 結論 49
參考文獻 50

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