本論文利用實驗室自行架設的光學克爾光閘超快時間解析螢光(time-resolved fluorescence, TRFL)光譜系統，及自行撰寫的一套全自動數據擷取電腦程式來探討電子給體-受體(electron donor-acceptor, EDA)錯合物的分子間電子轉移動力學行為，結合錯合物的光譜資訊以及理論計算，提出可能的動力學模型。本論文研究的為烯烴類(olefin)-四氰基乙烯(tetracyanoethylene, TCNE)錯合物，包括1-hexene-TCNE、2-hexene-TCNE、1-methylcyclohexene-TCNE以及2,3-dimethyl-2-butene-TCNE錯合物，溶於極性-CH2Cl2以及非極性-CCl4溶劑中的電荷轉移(charge-transfer, CT)態動力學。我們藉由靜態吸收光譜的結果選擇適當的波長以飛秒雷射脈衝垂直激發錯合物之電荷轉移吸收譜帶，量測靜態螢光光譜、時間解析螢光光譜以及瞬態吸收光譜，來了解錯合物受光激發後從激發態回到基態之動態學過程。在TRFL光譜中我們藉由分析總體螢光強度隨時間的變化(P(t))獲得的時間常數，並且利用瞬態吸收光譜所得到的結果，來幫助我們指認時間常數。在極性溶劑CH2Cl2中可以獲得2個指數衰減常數，一個為超快的衰減常數(<0.3 ps)，另一個為約在1-3 ps尺度的衰減常數；而在非極性溶劑CCl4中一樣是獲得2個指數衰減常數，一個為超快的衰減常數(<1 ps)，另一個為約在十幾皮秒尺度的衰減常數。我們將較快的衰減常數指認為激發態錯合物的結構鬆弛所造成的衰減，而較慢的衰減常數則指認為因為回覆電子轉移反應而造成CT態的佈居數衰減。接著，我們結合實驗室前人研究的一系列甲基與非甲基取代苯(arene)-四氰基乙烯錯合物之結果，與本論文所研究的olefin-TCNE錯合物之結果相互比較，觀察到當電子給體由arene改變成olefin時，在相近的反應自由能下，olefin-TCNE錯合物之回覆電子轉移速率是比較快的。而在回覆電子轉移速率與反應自由能的關係中發現olefin-TCNE錯合物系統隨著-∆G0的增加，回覆電子轉移速率的變化較arene-TCNE錯合物系統平緩，即olefin-TCNE錯合物系統相較於arene-TCNE錯合物系統對於-∆G0的依賴性並不大。

The charge-transfer (CT) state relaxation dynamics of a series of electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complexes was studied with broadband ultrafast time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy implemented by optical Kerr gating. The EDA complexes studied here are those containing various arenes or olefins as the donor and tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) as the acceptor. In our experiments, the CT state of the EDA complexes are directly reached by femtosecond laser excitation in either CH2Cl2 or CCl4 solutions, and the subsequent temporal evolution of the fluorescence spectra were measured to explore the charge recombination (CR) dynamics. EDA complexes with various arenes, including methyl substituted and non-methyl substituted benzenes, as the donor have been studied previously in our laboratory. Here, we present our data on CT state relaxation and CR dynamics of EDA complexes containing a series of olefins (1-hexene, 2-hexene, 1-methylcyclohexene, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene) as the donor and TCNE as the acceptor. The analysis of the total fluorescence intensity function P(t), which described the temporal evolution of the population of the excited states and the transition dipole moments, revealed the relaxations of the complexes. We found two CT-state decay behaviors of the complexes in these two solvents. The faster components of the complexes are in the similar time scale (<0.3 ps in CH2Cl2；<1 ps in CCl4), which are assigned to the structural relaxation of the CT state, and the slower ones (1-3 ps in CH2Cl2；10-20 ps in CCl4) are identified as the CR. We found that the CR rates of olefin-TCNE complexes are faster than arene-TCNE complexes with similar driving force (-∆G0) for electron transfer. Surprisingly, the CR rate constants are strikingly nonvariant among the different olefin-TCNE complexes despite large differences in the driving force (-∆G0) for electron transfer.

摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
表目錄 V
圖目錄 VI
第一章 序論 1
1.1 電子轉移概論 1
1.2 電子轉移理論 2
1.3 EDA錯合物概述 9
1.4 本論文研究目的 11
第二章 實驗系統與技術 14
2.1 超快飛秒雷射系統 14
2.1.1 雷射產生源 15
2.1.2 能量放大器 18
2.2 實驗技術 23
2.2.1 optical Kerr gating簡介 24
2.2.2 時間解析克爾光閘螢光光譜實驗系統與組成 25
2.2.3 超快時間解析克爾光閘螢光光譜實驗自動化數據擷取系統 37
2.3 時間解析克爾光閘螢光光譜儀的校正 40
2.3.1 光譜靈敏度的校正 40
2.3.2 時間延遲(temporal delay)校正 46
2.4 時間解析克爾光閘螢光光譜儀正確性的探討 50
2.5 飛秒瞬態吸收光譜儀 51
2.5.1 原理 51
2.5.2 光路架設 52
2.5.3 瞬態吸收光譜實驗自動化數據擷取系統 54
2.5.4 瞬態吸收光譜時間延遲校正 56
2.6 實驗藥品及EDA錯合物溶液的製備 58
2.7 TCNE的空白實驗 61
第三章 烯烴類-四氰基乙烯錯合物之電荷轉移動態學研究 64
3.1 Olefin-TCNE錯合物於CH2Cl2、CCl4溶劑中的靜態光譜 64
3.1.1 1-hexene-TCNE錯合物於CH2Cl2、CCl4溶劑中的靜態光譜 66
3.1.2 2-hexene-TCNE錯合物於CH2Cl2、CCl4溶劑中的靜態光譜 68
3.1.3 1-methylcyclohexene-TCNE錯合物於CH2Cl2、CCl4溶劑中的靜態光譜 70
3.1.4 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene-TCNE錯合物於CH2Cl2、CCl4溶劑中的靜態光譜 72
3.1.5 Olefin-TCNE錯合物靜態光譜的綜合討論 76
3.2 Olefin-TCNE錯合物於CH2Cl2、CCl4溶劑中的TRFL光譜 80
3.2.1 Olefin-TCNE錯合物於CH2Cl2溶劑中的TRFL光譜 81
3.2.2 Olefin-TCNE錯合物於CCl4溶劑中的TRFL光譜 95
3.3 2-hexene-TCNE錯合物於CH2Cl2溶劑中的瞬態吸收光譜 105
3.4 綜合討論 108
3.4.1 總螢光衰減函數 108
3.4.2 Olefin-TCNE與arene-TCNE錯合物之電荷再結合動態學 112
第四章 結論 124

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