本研究首先探討共價改質單壁奈米碳管溶液的分散性。我們使用微波合成技術取代傳統攪拌方式，快速合成聚2-胺基苯磺酸改質管壁具苯胺的奈米碳管，將合成時間從3天縮短為20分鐘即可得到產物，其改質後的奈米碳管可以穩定分散於有機溶液或去離子水中半年以上。由FTIR、拉曼、元素分析等儀器結果可以證實改質後奈米碳管表面有導入親水性官能基磺酸根。本實驗使用噴霧塗佈製作奈米碳管薄膜，並利用SEM、AFM、四點探針等儀器探討2-胺基苯磺酸改質後奈米碳管薄膜表面特性及電性，證實改質後奈米碳管薄膜有更好的均勻性，且可以製作出厚度低、高穿透度之奈米碳管薄膜。為了提升奈米碳管薄膜之導電性，我們使用微波合成技術掺雜PEDOT至改質奈米碳管上，由四點探針量測其片電阻值並由厚度計算其導電率，發現經過表面改質後的奈米碳管，其導電率都有上升的趨勢，其中最好樣品的平均導電率為~108 S/cm，穿透率為89%，此結果可以證明改質後的奈米碳管薄膜確實可以改善碳管薄膜電荷傳遞的狀況，進而提升薄膜的電性。
我們將PEDOT:PASA改質之奈米碳管薄膜置於有機太陽能電池中作電洞傳輸層，發現奈米碳管可以穿刺於PEDOT:PSS層中，提升電洞傳輸效率，我們將完成之太陽能電池元件置於模擬太陽光譜量測系統下，量測太陽能電池元件特性，分析其開路電壓、短路電流、填充因子及能量轉換效率數據，並嘗試將改質後奈米碳管薄膜置於無鉛波洛斯凱特(鈣鈦礦)太陽能電池元件中電洞傳輸層，探討改質碳管加入電洞傳輸層對有機-無機太陽能電池元件之影響。

In this study, we used microwave-assisted rapid synthesis of single wall carbon nanotubes covalently conjugated with sulfonated polyaniline for enhancing stable dispersion. The reaction time could be shortened into 20 minutes by microwave. We used EA, FTIR, Raman, which spectra is able to explain the bonding and quality of modified SWCNTs. The stable SWCNTs-based aqueous dispersions could be used to fabricate conductive thin films by spray-coating. The obtained modified SWCNTs thin film were characterized by SEM and AFM, the result showed that spray-coating enhance not only the morphology but also electrical and optical properties. In order to increase the conductivity of SWCNTs thin film, we used microwave-assisted oxidative chemical polymerization process in 20 minutes to obtain poly(3,4-ethylene dioxy-thiophene) doped with SWCNTs containing covalent poly(anilinesulfonic acid) functionalization. The results showed that transparent SWCNTs thin film with ~89% transmittance and ~108 S/cm conductivity.
We fabricated organic photovoltaic devices with PEDOT:PASA-AZCNT networks sandwiched between ITO and PEDOT:PSS as hole transport layer. We found that short-circuit current increases for all the thickness, but there is a decrease in open-circuit voltage and fill-factor. The result can be attributed to increase hole transport efficiency of the hybrid composite anode by penetration of SWCNTs into PEDOT:PSS polymer layer.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 X
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 奈米碳管簡介及應用 2
1-3 太陽能電池簡介 3
1-4 有機太陽能電池簡介 5
1-5 研究動機與目的 9
第二章 文獻回顧 11
2-1 奈米碳管的結構 11
2-2 奈米碳管的合成 14
2-3 奈米碳管的電學性質 14
2-4 奈米碳管的表面改質 15
2-4-1 化學共價改質法 17
2-4-2 化學非共價改質法 17
2-5 有機太陽能電池工作機制及理論 18
2-6 太陽能電池元件數據量測 20
2-6-1 開路電壓 (open circuit voltage, Voc) 21
2-6-2 短路電流 (short circuit current, Isc or Jsc) 21
2-6-3 填充因子 (fill factor, FF) 21
2-6-4 能量轉換效率 (power conversion efficient, η) 22
2-7 無鉛波洛斯凱特(鈣鈦礦)太陽能電池 22
2-8 奈米碳管應用於有機太陽能電池 27
第三章 儀器設備與操作原理 29
3-1 元素分析儀 29
3-2 熱重分析儀 30
3-3 掃描式電子顯微鏡分析 31
3-4 共軛聚焦顯微拉曼光譜儀 32
3-5 四點探針量測儀 33
3-6 光譜儀器設備 34
3-6-1 紫外光-可見光-近紅外光光譜儀 36
3-6-2 傅立葉轉換紅外光光譜儀 37
3-7 原子力顯微鏡 38
3-8 太陽光譜模擬量測系統 40
第四章 實驗方法與步驟 41
4-1 實驗藥品 41
4-2 實驗方法 41
4-2-1 PEDOT:PASA共價改質奈米碳管之實驗方法 41
4-2-2 改質奈米碳管薄膜製備 43
4-2-3 有機太陽能電池製備 44
第五章 結果與討論 46
5-1 奈米碳管共價改質 46
5-1-1 奈米碳管共價改質分散液情形 46
5-1-2 奈米碳管共價改質拉曼圖譜分析 47
5-1-3 奈米碳管共價改質紅外光光譜分析 49
5-1-4 奈米碳管共價改質熱重性質分析 50
5-1-5 奈米碳管共價改質元素分析 51
5-1-6 奈米碳管共價改質薄膜表面分析 53
5-1-7 奈米碳管共價改質薄膜電性分析 56
5-2有機太陽能電池元件特性 58
5-2-1 有機太陽能電池薄膜形貌分析 58
5-2-2 有機太陽能電池電洞傳輸效率 61
5-2-3 有機太陽能電池元件電阻分析 63
5-2-4 有機太陽能電池元件分析 64
5-3 無鉛鈣鈦礦太陽能電池元件分析 67
第六章 結論 70
第七章 參考文獻 72

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