過去探討群際關係之研究，大多針對群際衝突與偏見形成的因素以及偏見降低的方法。然而，較少關注於大學合併的偏見現象。本研究之目的為，探討國立清華大學與國立新竹教育大學合併後，校本部（原清大）大學生對南大校區（原為竹教大）大學生的偏見態度之前因與後果。根據「群際威脅理論」，知覺威脅（包括實際威脅與象徵威脅）會中介群際接觸對外團體偏見的效果。本研究中，「實際威脅」是指「校本部學生主觀感知南大校區學生，對清大既有的學習資源、學生福利、意見影響力有所威脅」；「象徵威脅」則是指「校本部學生主觀感知南大校區學生，對清大既有的學校名聲、排名、校園文化、學習風氣有所威脅」。本研究包含兩項子研究。研究一先以情境模擬法，探究學生校區偏見情況，進而檢驗校區偏見與知覺威脅之關聯。研究二則根據理論提出模式架構，並採用問卷法，檢驗校區偏見的前置因素（群際接觸、學校認同、知覺威脅）與結果因素（未來交流意願）之間的效果。參與者招募方式採滾雪球抽樣，共214位校本部大學生（女性124位，男性90位，平均年齡20.39歲）。研究一之相依樣本t檢定結果顯示：參與者對南大校區學生抱持之負向態度顯著高於對校本部學生之負向態度；相對地，參與者對南大校區學生抱持之正向態度顯著低於對校本部學生之正向態度。再者，多元迴歸分析結果顯示：參與者之「實際威脅」與「象徵威脅」均能正向預測對南大校區學生之負向態度，但僅「象徵威脅」可負向預測對南大校區學生之正向態度。研究二結構方程模型分析結果顯示：（一）「實際威脅」負向完全中介群際接觸對校區偏見的效果；（二）「象徵威脅」負向完全中介群際接觸對校區偏見的效果，並且正向完全中介學校認同對校區偏見的效果；（三）「象徵威脅」正向部分中介群際接觸對未來交流意願的效果，並且負向部分中介學校認同對未來交流意願的效果；（四）校區偏見對未來交流意願具負向直接效果。綜合而言，本研究結果支持「群際威脅理論」，知覺威脅可中介群際接觸與學校認同對於校區偏見與未來交流意願的效果。

Most researches on intergroup relationship focused on the causes of intergroup conflict and prejudice as well as methods of prejudice reduction. However, few attention had been given on prejudice regarding university mergers. The purpose of this study is to investigate the causes and consequences of main-campus undergraduates’ prejudicial attitudes toward branch-campus undergraduates after the merger of National Tsing Hua University (NTHU) and National Hsinchu University of Education (NHCUE). According to the intergroup threat theory, perceived threats, which include “realistic threat” and “symbolic threat”, mediate the effect of intergroup contact on outgroup prejudice. In this study, “realistic threat” is defined as “main-campus student’s subjective perception about branch-campus student’s threat to NTHU’s existing learning resources, student welfare and the influence of their opinions”; “symbolic threat” is defined as “main-campus student’s subjective perception about branch-campus student’s threat to NTHU’s existing university prestige, ranking, campus culture, and learning atmosphere”. The present research includes two sub-studies. Study 1 adopted the scenario simulation method to explore students’ campus prejudice, and then examined the relationships between campus prejudice and perceived threats. Study 2 proposed a model based on the intergroup threat theory and used the questionnaire method to examine the effects between campus prejudice’s antecedents (i.e. intergroup contact, university identity, and perceived threats) and consequences (i.e. future interaction intention). The snowball sampling method was adopted to recruit participants which were composed of 214 main-campus undergraduates (124 female, 90 male, age mean = 20.39). In study 1, the results of the paired sample t-test indicated that the negative attitude participants held toward branch-campus students was significantly higher than that toward main-campus students. By contrast, the positive attitude participants held toward branch-campus students was significantly lower than that toward main-campus students. Moreover, multiple regression analysis showed that both realistic and symbolic threat positively predicted the negative attitude toward branch-campus students. Whereas only symbolic threat negatively predicted the positive attitude toward branch-campus students. In study 2, the result of structural equation modeling revealed that: (1) realistic threat fully mediated the negative effect of intergroup contact on campus prejudice; (2) symbolic threat fully mediated the negative effect of intergroup contact on campus prejudice and the positive effect of university identity on campus prejudice; (3) symbolic threat partially mediated the positive effect of intergroup contact on future interaction intention and the negative effect of university identity on future interaction intention; (4) campus prejudice had a negative direct effect on future interaction intention. In conclusion, the current study’s results support the intergroup threat theory, showing that perceived threats mediated the effects of intergroup contact and university identity on campus prejudice and future interaction intention.

摘要　　I
Abstract　　II
謝誌　　III
目次　　IV
表目次　　V
圖目次　　VI


第一章 緒論　　1
　　第一節 大學合併的背景脈絡　　1
　　第二節 清大併校紀事　　2
　　第三節 清大併校後的困難與校區差異　　3
　　第四節 群際威脅與校區偏見　　6
　　第五節 研究目的　　8

第二章 文獻探討　　9
　　第一節 群體偏見之理論脈絡回顧　　9
　　第二節 群際威脅理論　　15
　　第三節 子研究之議題　　19

第三章 研究一：校區偏見態度反應以及知覺威脅之預測效果　　21
　　第一節 研究目的與假設　　21
　　第二節 研究方法　　22
　　第三節 研究結果　　26

第四章 研究二：群際接觸、學校認同對校區偏見與交流意願的效果
　　　 —以知覺威脅為中介變項　　43
　　第一節 研究目的與假設　　43
　　第二節 研究方法　　48
　　第三節 研究結果　　53
　　第四節 小結　　67

第五章 討論　　69
　　第一節 研究結果摘述　　69
　　第二節 討論　　70
　　第三節 研究限制與建議　　75

參考文獻　　79
附錄1 校園群體態度問卷　　94
附錄2 研究參與者招募文宣　　103

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