在現今樹脂押出成型製程中，同向雙螺桿押出機為製程之主要機台，負責塑膠原料的混練、磨練與乾燥等。而對於不同的物料種類及產品需求，需設計其機台中螺桿元件之選取及排列，來獲得最佳製程表現與品質之產品。然而，過往研究在針對螺桿組態設計最佳化問題時，僅討論特定操作參數(轉速、進料量)下其對應之最佳螺桿組態，而現今樹脂工業需求是在操作參數(轉速、進料量)之範圍下，求得此雙螺桿押出機之最佳螺桿組態。因此本研究藉由可靠度設計之方法，來確保在操作參數範圍內皆能滿足限制條件，將所設計的最佳化問題中的操作參數(轉速、進料量)設定為不確定參數來進行計算。
本次研究會針對螺桿直徑27mm實驗級機台以及操作參數設計值，以規劃出基於可靠度之最佳化問題，其中可靠度於本研究定義為物料於押出製造程序中，其特定性質或性能能成功符合限制條件的機率。接著利用過去文獻探討與螺桿組態之資料，規劃最佳化問題之目標性質及限制條件，最後再採用演化式演算法於變數空間進行探索搜尋，藉以獲得雙螺桿押出機的最佳螺桿組態。過程我們會採用針對雙螺桿押出機的二維模擬軟體，運算出在特定操作參數及特定螺桿組態下之物理性質，藉此求得最佳化問題之目標性質。此外，由於雙螺桿押出機在整個樹脂製程中，在某些區間對樹脂會有特定的加工目的，因此會將整根螺桿分段設計出其對應的最佳化問題，並藉由其不同之加工目的設計出適合的目標性質，最後再將各區間於最佳化問題中所獲的最佳化螺桿組態組合，得到最終之整端製程的最佳螺桿組態。結論會呈現最佳化後之螺桿組態並探討之。

In polymer processing, twin screw extruder is a classic machine used for mixing or compounding two or more polymeric materials. The flexibility of twin screw extrusion equipment allows manufacturer to specifically manipulate the screw configuration that makes the final product achieve the desired properties and characteristics. Most studies in the literature considered the performance optimization of screw configuration under a specific operating condition, e. g., fixed processing rate (kg/hr) and screw rotating speed (rpm). However, such screw configuration cannot provide robust performance when the operating condition is varied to respond the demand of productivity. To overcome this issue, in this thesis we apply the reliability-based design optimization to the twin screw configuration problem (TSCP). A commercial pilot twin screw extruder (27mm OD) with 2D simulation software is implemented for the study. Different from usual TSCP, we divide the optimization problem into two individual parts: (1) optimize the feeding zone and melting zone and (2) optimize the dispersing zone and degassing zone. The screw configuration is then optimized in each part to guarantee the performance satisfying all the criteria (melting profile, die exit temperature, viscous dissipation, average strain and specific energy input) within a range of operating condition. The results show that the proposed optimal screw configuration provides better performance as compare with the nominal configuration.

摘要 I
Abstract II
謝誌 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 文獻回顧 3
1.3 研究動機與目的 5
1.4 文章架構 6
第二章. 研究方法 7
2.1同向雙螺桿押出機簡介 7
2.1.1同向雙螺桿押出機 7
2.1.2螺桿元件 9
2.2計算流體力學軟體介紹 11
2.3基於可靠度之最佳化問題 13
2.3.1最佳化問題定義及典型基於可靠度最佳化問題之形式 13
2.3.2任一解之可靠度計算 15
2.4演化式演算法 19
2.4.1演化式演算法簡介 19
2.4.2基因演算法設計步驟 19
2.4.3流程圖 24
2.5同向雙螺桿押出機之最佳化問題 25
第三章. 結果與討論 34
3.1模擬軟體介面顯示 34
3.2原始組態於270mm處之固態比例 36
3.3第一個最佳化問題之結果 38
3.4第二個最佳化問題結果 41
第四章. 結論 48
第五章 參考文獻 49

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