黃光在顯示和照明的應用中扮演了關鍵的角色，其可應於高品質RGBY顯示器和生理友善的低色溫照明的製作；對於有機發光二極體(Organic Light Emitting Diode, OLED)技術而言，連續滾印可應用於製作低成本大面積的元件；研發出一個具有可濕製特性的高效率黃光染料，便成重要；因此，本研究利用一新穎黃色磷光含銥錯合物bis[5-methyl-7-fluoro-8-trifluoromethyl-5H-benzo(c)(1,5)naphthyridin -6-one]iridium (picolinate) (FCF3BNO)，探討其濕製的可行性；所得元件，在亮度為1,000 cd/m2時，其能量效率為49.2 lm/W，外部量子效率為22.7%；若將此黃光和美國國家電視標準委員會（NTSC）所制訂之標準紅綠藍光配合應用，則其色彩飽和度可達110%；此一元件的高效率，可歸因於利用了氟原子及三氟甲基來取代發光染料上的氫原子，進而改變分子間緻密的堆疊方式，以減少染料間的自我焠熄；本研究亦發現，在良好的主客體能階搭配下，可使激子更有效地注入，使載子注入平衡，進而使元件達到高效率；此外，在加入此一黃光後所得到的四波段純白光6,000K，從視網膜保護視的角度來看，比典型的三波段純白光更友善8％，從褪黑激素分泌的角度來看，也是更友善8％。

Yellow emission plays an important role in many display and lighting applications, such as RGBY display or blue hazard free lighting sources, while wet-process enables soft devices to be manufactured cost-effectively. We demonstrate here that high efficiency yellow organic light-emitting diodes can be made with an innovative solution-process viable iridium based material bis[5-methyl-7-fluoro-8- trifluoromethyl-5H-benzo(c)(1,5)naphthyridin-6-one]iridium (picolinate) (FCF3BNO). The device exhibits a power efficacy of 49.2 lm W-1 at 1,000 cd m-2 with an external quantum efficiency of 22.7% with a spin-coated emissive layer. A National Television Standards Committee (NTSC) of 110% is achievable by employing the yellow emission along with the standard RGB. The high efficiency may be attributed to the electron-withdrawing F and CF3 substitutions in the emitter to prevent self-quenching from dense packing. We also found that high efficient can be achieved for wet-processed devices simply by balancing the injected holes and electrons with the help of energy-level matching hosts. The resultant RGBY composing pure white light is 8% more friendly than the typical RGB counterpart from retina protection perspective and also 8% better for melatonin secretion.

目錄
摘要 I
英文摘要 II
致謝 IV
目錄 VIII
圖目錄 XII
表目錄 XV
壹、緒論 1
貳、文獻回顧 1
2-1 有機發光二極體的歷史發展 4
2-2 有機發光二極體的發光原理 20
2-3 有機發光二極體的能量傳遞機制 26
2-4 光色定義 30
2-5 元件出光機制 31
2-6 有機發光二極體材料之發展 33
2-6-1陽極材料 33
2-6-2 電洞注入材料 34
2-6-3 電洞傳輸材料 35
2-6-4 電子傳輸材料 35
2-6-5 電子注入材料 36
2-6-6 陰極材料 37
2-7濕製黃光有機發光二極體之發展 37
2-8 濕式有機發光二極體之發展 39
參、理論背景 44
3-1視網膜最大可忍受之曝光極限 (MPL) 的計算 44
3-2退黑激素抑制量 (MSS) 的計算 44
3-3自然光譜相似性指數 (SRI) 的計算 46
3-4演色性指數 (CRI) 的計算 47
肆、實驗方法 49
4-1 材料 49
4-1-1 材料之功能、全名及簡稱 50
4-1-2 本研究所使用有機材料之化學結構式 51
4-2 發光染料之合成與數據分析 55
4-2-1 磷黃光FCF3BNO之合成 55
4-3材料特性量測之儀器設備與方法 58
4-3-1核磁共振光譜(nuclear magnetic resonance)之量測 58
4-3-2紫外線-可見光吸收光譜(ultraviolet visble absorption, UV-Vis)之量測 58
4-3-3光激發光譜(Photoluminescent spectrum)之量測 59
4-3-4材料裂解溫度(decomposition temperature, Td)之量測 59
4-3-5激態生命期(excited-state lifetime)之量測 59
4-3-6量子產率(quantum yield)之量測 60
4-3-7最高已填滿分子軌域(highest occupied molecular orbital, HOMO)量測 61
4-4 元件設計及製備 61
4-4-1 元件電路設計 61
4-4-2 ITO基材清潔 62
4-4-3 旋轉塗佈電洞傳輸層 63
4-4-4 旋轉塗佈發光層 64
4-4-5 熱蒸鍍製程 65
4-4-6 成膜鍍率測定 66
4-4-7 有機層之製備 66
4-4-8 無機層之製備 66
4-5 元件之量測及發光效率計算 67
伍、結果與討論 69
5-1新穎磷黃光材料之光物理與電化學性質 69
5-2主體效應 75
5-2-1 元件結構 76
5-2-2 主體材料對黃光OLED的影響 77
5-2-3 染料濃度對黃光OLED的影響 83
5-3 共主體效應 84
5-3-1 共主體元件結構 84
5-3-2 共主體材料對黃光OLED的影響 85
5-4 四波段白光之健康特質- MPL/MSS (與三波段之比較) 90
陸、結論 91
柒、參考文獻 94
附錄、個人著作目錄 108
(A)期刊論文 108
(B)研討會論文 109

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