許多研究指出，電力照明對人體有危害之外，也會造成生態系統威脅；由於人類與生態的關係密不可分，因此，尋找生態友善的照明技術便成為必須；本研究首先探討各種電致發光燈源對昆蟲的吸引力差異，所用燈源包含：近來廣泛使用的發光二極體(Light emitting diode, LED)、以及最近受到矚目的照明技術，有機發光二極體(Organic Light emitting diode, OLED)，與傳統的白熾燈泡；結果發現，比起LED與白熾燈泡OLED所吸引的昆蟲數量，少了許多；以5,000 K的燈源為例，LED吸引昆蟲的數量為OLED的3.6倍；此外，無論是LED或者是OLED，若色溫愈低，則吸引昆蟲的數量就越少；以LED為例，5,000 K LED 吸引昆蟲的數量為3,000 K LED的4.3倍；值得注意的是，與色溫更高的 3,000 K和 5,000 K OLED相比，2,400 K白熾燈吸引了更多的昆蟲；這或可歸因於，燈源中的藍光放射；此外，OLED光源，特別是低色溫(1,900 K)的OLED，除了對昆蟲友善之外，若從人眼的保護以及退黑激素自然分泌的保護觀點查看，亦對人體十分友善。

Electric light at night imposes threat on human as well as ecosystems. Searching for an ecologically friendly lighting measure is a must since human beings are linked to the ecosystems. Insects play a remarkably important role on the maintenance of ecosystems, hence, we first investigated the effects of various electricity-driven lighting sources on the attraction of insects after dusk. The studied lenses included the extensively adopted light emitting diode (LED), the merging organic light emitting diode (OLED) and the traditional incandescent bulb. We found that the OLED light attracted much less insects than the LED and incandescent light. Furthermore, the light with a lower color temperature attracted lesser insects, regardless LED or OLED. At 5,000 K for example, the number of insects attracted by LED was 3.6 times that of OLED. The number of insects attracted by the 5,000 K LED was 4.3 times that of the 3,000 K LED. Surprisingly, the 2,400 K incandescent bulb attracted more insects than the OLED light either at 1,900 K, 3,000 K or 5,000 K. All these phenomena suggest that light containing shorter wavelength emission tends to attract more insects, depending on their spectra. This also explains why the blue light-less OLEDs attracted the comparably least amount of insects. We are thrilled to learn that these insect friendly OLEDs, especially the one with the lowest color temperature, are also human friendly from the perspectives of retina protection and melatonin generation.

目錄
摘要 II
英文摘要 III
致謝 IV
目錄 IX
圖目錄 XIII
表目錄 XVIII
壹、序論 1
貳、文獻回顧 3
2-1、昆蟲對生態系的重要性 3
2-2、光對昆蟲習性的影響 4
2-2-1、光對昆蟲的功用 4
2-2-2、昆蟲可感受之光譜 6
2-2-3、昆蟲趨光性 [33] 9
2-3、夜間電力照明對昆蟲干擾 14
2-4、夜光對人生理的影響 18
2-5、藍光對視網膜的影響 24
參、實驗方法 29
3-1、使用燈具 29
3-2、燈具特性量測 33
3-2-1、光譜量測 33
3-2-2、照度量測 33
3-3、實驗地點 34
3-4、實驗架設 35
3-4-1、引誘箱設計 35
3-4-2、電路設計 37
3-4-3、場地擺設 38
3-5、實驗步驟 39
3-5-1、冬季實驗 39
3-5-2、夏季實驗 40
3-6、吸引昆蟲比例計算 40
3-7、理論計算 41
3-7-1、視網膜最大可容忍之曝照極限 41
3-7-2、退黑激素抑制敏感度 43
肆、結果與討論 46
4-1、各色溫OLED與5,000 K LED對昆蟲吸引力差異 46
4-2、各色溫OLED與傳統式白熾燈泡對昆蟲吸引力差異 49
4-3、燈源色溫對昆蟲吸引差異影響 52
4-3-1、5,000 K 與3,000 K LED昆蟲吸引比較 52
4-3-2、5,000 K、3,000 K、1,900 K OLED昆蟲吸引差異 60
4-3-3總結 66
4-4、照明技術差異性影響 69
4-4-1、3,000 K LED與OLED昆蟲吸引差異 69
4-4-2、5,000 K LED與OLED昆蟲吸引差異 73
4-4-3、3,000 K OLED與白熾燈昆蟲吸引比較 77
4-4-4、總結 81
4-5、光源對健康的影響 85
4-5-1、最大曝照極限 86
4-5-2、褪黑激素抑制敏感度 86
伍、結論 88
陸、參考文獻 90
柒、個人著作目錄 104

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