1889年挪威工程師Edwin Ruud發明了第一款熱蒸氣式熱水器後，改善了人類獲取熱水的習慣。自此之後，漸漸有許多不同能源型態的熱水器出現，但熱水器普遍有體積大、某些能源的轉換效率差、某些能源使用上不安全的問題。
本實驗以簡單且快速的化學氣相沉積法，利用二戊鐵同時做為前驅物與催化劑在高溫環境下成長含鐵多壁奈米碳管，並輔以XRD與TEM瞭解含鐵多壁奈米碳管的元素組成與其特殊結構，SQUID證實含鐵多壁奈米碳管擁有鐵金屬本身的磁性。將含鐵多壁奈米碳管與水泥砂漿混合形成複合材料後，經過養護程序放入ZVS In-duction Heating Machine的銅管線圈中，通入12V、1A的直流電源進行升溫測試，結果顯示加入7 wt%含鐵多壁奈米碳管的複合材料在不斷變化的磁場環境中，一小時內上升10度，且熱傳導係數下降增加其蓄熱能力。本實驗利用含鐵多壁奈米碳管/水泥複合材料成功製備出小體積型熱水器之雛型，更證實了感應加熱是下一個可以做為發熱所需的能量來源，不僅安全且節能。

After the first type of water heater was developed by Edwin Ruud in 1889, lots of different new types of water heater came out. However, water heaters had several problems, including large volume, poor energy conversion and unsafety.
In this work, a fast chemical vapor deposition approach was developed for the preparation of Fe-filled multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Fe@CNTs). The success was achieved by using ferrocene as the precursor as well as the catalyst to form Fe@CNTs in high temperature. The structural characteristics of Fe@CNTs were analyzed via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electrical microscopy (TEM), which could confirm inner iron and outer carbon shell. The superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer (SQUID) data showed that Fe@CNTs can retain the magnetic property. By utilizing the magnetic property, Fe@CNTs/Cement composite can be heated as much as 10℃ within an hour by induction heating. In addition, adding Fe@CNTs decreased the thermal diffusivity of the composites, which was conducive to the ability of heat storage of the composites. The results not only demonstrate that the model of small volume water heater were successfully developed, but also prove that induction heating, which is safe and energy saving, can be used as the energy source for heating.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
致謝 III
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
第一章 前言與實驗動機 1
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 熱水器 (Water Heater) 3
2.1.1熱水器類型 3
2.1.2熱水器能源來源 5
2.2 水泥 (Cement) 5
2.2.1水泥組成成分 6
2.2.2 水泥水化反應 7
2.3 奈米碳管 (Carbon nanotube) 11
2.3.1 奈米碳管的基本結構 11
2.3.2 鐵磁性金屬填充奈米碳管 13
2.3.3 奈米碳管的合成方法 15
2.3.4 奈米碳管的熱性質 17
2.3.5 奈米碳管的機械性質 19
2.3.6 奈米碳管的電性 20
2.4 感應加熱 (Induction Heating) 20
2.5 複合材料 21
第三章 實驗方法 23
3.1 實驗藥品與儀器 23
3.2 實驗流程圖與步驟 24
3.2.2 含鐵多壁奈米碳管製備 25
3.2.3 含鐵多壁奈米碳管/水泥 複合材料製備 25
3.3 實驗分析儀器 26
3.3.1掃描式電子顯微鏡 (Scanning Electron Microscopy, SEM) 26
3.3.2共軛聚焦顯微拉曼光譜儀 (Confocal Micro-Raman Spectroscopy) 26
3.3.3穿透式電子顯微鏡(Transmission Electron Microscopy, TEM) 28
3.3.4 X光繞射儀(XRD) 29
3.3.5熱重量分析儀(Thermal Analyzers, TGA) 30
3.3.6超導量子干涉磁量儀(Superconducting Quantum Interference Device Magnetometer, SQUID) 32
3.3.7萬能試驗機 (Universal Testing Machine, UTM) 33
3.3.8雷射閃光分析儀 (Laser Flash Apparatus, LFA) 34
3.3.9 ZVS high frequency induction heating machine 36
第四章 結果與討論 37
4.1 化學氣相沉積法成長含鐵奈米碳管 37
4.1.1 成分分析 37
4.1.2 磁性質分析 43
4.2 含鐵多壁奈米碳管/水泥 複合材料 44
4.2.1 內部結構分析 44
4.2.2 電性分析 45
4.2.3 機械性質分析 46
4.2.4 熱性質分析 47
第五章 結論 51
參考文獻 52

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