本研究利用三種不同的溶劑分別為1M 鹽酸、緩衝溶液，去離子水，兩種氧化劑APS以及KPS以化學氧化合成法合成 PEDOT:PASA，希望藉由PASA具有的磺酸根基團以及身為導電高分子的特性能夠使PEDOT均勻分散在溶液中並同時保有良好的導電性質，期許經由二級摻雜後的PEDOT:PASA能改善傳統商用的PEDOT:PSS的低導電性並進一步取代高分子太陽能電池中ITO透明電極的地位。故此，本實驗分別討論所合成出PEDOT:PASA的分散以及經二級摻雜後的導電特性。
經由SEM影像發現溶液分散性的優劣與所合成出的PEDOT:PASA顆粒大小以及聚集情形有關，顆粒越大越容易沉澱，使用1M鹽酸作為溶劑所合成出 PEDOT:PASA放置一個星期後產生沉澱的情形，其餘兩種溶劑所合成的PEDOT:PASA分散性可長達至6個月以上，證實了PASA中的磺酸根基團與PEDOT間的庫倫作用力達到使溶液具有良好分散性的效果，而APS、KPS均為強氧化劑對PEDOT;PASA不管在分散性、物性分析、導電性上均無差異。
在此實驗中使用甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇、山梨醇，兒茶素、極性溶劑DMSO以及1M的硫酸和鹽酸作為二級摻雜物探討對PEDOT:PASA薄膜導電性的影響，經由實驗數據發現使用乙醇、異丙醇、1M硫酸均可以使PEDOT:PASA薄膜導電率提升五個數量等級，本實驗也利用了SEM、Raman以及XPS作為分析二級摻雜反應機制的依據。
透過化學氧化法合成的PEDOT:PASA在緩衝溶液以及去離子水中不僅有良好的分散性質，同時在二級摻雜後也有數量級導電性的增加，這些特性使我們期待將PEDOT:PASA應用於高分子電池上之表現與潛力。
關鍵字: 導電高分子、聚2-氨基苯磺酸、PEDOT、分散性、二級摻雜

This study is using chemical oxidation to synthesize conductivity polymer poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) doped with poly(aniline-2-sulfonic acid) (PASA) by three kinds of solvents and two kinds of oxidant agents. This work discuss the electrical property and the solution dispersibly of PEDOT:PASA.
We found using 1M HCl as solvent to synthesize PEDOT:PASA is less dispersible than Buffer and Deionized water. The one employ HCl can only disperse in solution for one week while Buffer and Deionized water can over six months. The SEM images results show the relation between polymer grain size and solution dispersibly. Larger grains size make worse aggregation of polymer. We also observed there is no different in PEDOT:PASA conductivity and dispersibly among these two strong oxidant agents APS and KPS.
To enhance PEDOT: PASA conductivity, we introduce several secondary dopants such as methanol, ethanol, IPA, sorbitol, catechin, DMSO, 1M H2SO4 and HCl. Among them, Ethanol, IPA, and 1M H2SO4 can significantly improve the PEDOT: PASA conductivity by five orders. This work investigate the mechanism of conductivity enhancement through SEM, Raman and XPS.
We apply simple way to manufacture PEDOT: PASA with good dispersion and electrical properties after secondary doping. We believe these characteristic of PEDOT: PASA show promising potential applications in polymer solar cell.
Keyword: Conducting Polymer; Poly(Aniline-2-Sulfonic Acid); PEDOT; Dispersion; Secondary Doping

摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章、緒論 1
1.1背景 1
1.2研究目的 2
第二章、文獻回顧 4
2.1導電高分子概述 4
2.2聚3,4-乙烯二氧基噻吩(poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) 6
2.2.1 PEDOT簡介 6
2.2.2 PEDOT性質 8
2.2.3不同氧化劑對合成PEDOT的影響 11
2.2.4增加PEDOT:PSS導電性的方法與機制 11
2.2.5 PEDOT應用 14
2.3 2-氨基苯磺酸 15
第三章、儀器設備與操作原理 16
3.1光譜儀器設備 16
3.1.1紫外光-可見光-近紅外光光譜儀(UV-VIS-NIR Spectrometer) 17
3.1.2傅立葉轉換紅外光光譜儀(Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer, FTIR) 18
3.2掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)分析 20
3.3四點探針(4-Point Probe) 21
3.4共軛聚焦顯微拉曼光譜儀 22
3.5 X射線光電子能譜儀(X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometer, XPS) 23
3.6原子力顯微鏡(AFM) 25
第四章、實驗內容 27
4.1 實驗藥品 27
4.2實驗流程 27
4.2.1化學氧化法製備聚2-氨基苯磺酸溶液 28
4.2.2化學氧化法合成PEDOT:PASA 29
4.2.3 製備PEDOT:PASA薄膜 30
4.2.4 PEDOT:PASA薄膜二級摻雜之處理 31
第五章、結果與討論 33
5.1 PEDOOT:PASA溶液中分散的情形 34
5.2 PEDOT:PASA溶液之紫外可見光譜儀 36
5.3 PEDOT:PASA溶液之傅利葉轉換紅外光譜 38
5.4 PEDOT:PASA表面形貌 39
5.5 PEDOT:PASA導電性質分析 41
5.6 PEDOT:PASA 二級摻雜機制探討 43
5.6.1 掃描式電子顯微鏡分析 43
5.6.2拉曼光譜儀分析 45
5.6.3 XPS能譜分析 47
第六章、結論 49
第七章、參考文獻 51

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