酬賞在日常生活及教育場域中扮演重要的角色，常被用來作為引發目標導向行為的獎勵。而在過往研究中，除金錢酬賞外，少有以幽默文字或圖片作為次級酬賞的研究，但幽默可以幫助我們舒緩壓力、進行社會互動等，具備作為酬賞的正向效果；且許多關於幽默的研究都指出幽默歷程及酬賞歷程在大腦活化區域有很大的重疊，故本研究目的為探究三種類型酬賞（幽默酬賞、金錢酬賞、無酬賞）對認知歷程的影響，並進一步分離酬賞歷程：酬賞預期及酬賞結果。本研究參與者32人，採用改編的金錢誘因延遲作業（MID作業）、社會誘因延遲作業（SID作業），認知作業為Stroop判斷作業來進行實驗，測量參與者在Stroop判斷作業的正確率及反應時間，對酬賞回饋的愉悅程度評定及四種事件相關電位（P200、P300、LPP、N400）。行為研究結果顯示，在金錢酬賞提示下，參與者的判斷作業表現之正確率較高、反應時間也較快，以及獲得金錢酬賞回饋的愉悅程度也較高。事件相關電位結果則顯示，在酬賞預期階段，金錢酬賞提示的P200較大；而在酬賞結果階段，則是幽默酬賞回饋的P300較小、N400較大、LPP也較大。此結果可能顯示參與者對金錢酬賞的「想要」動機較強，但幽默酬賞回饋所引發的「喜歡」比較強烈。未來研究可進一步研究不同酬賞強度對認知歷程的影響或獲得幽默酬賞回饋後的幽默表達（笑）的腦神經機制。

Rewards are often used as incentives for initiating goal-directed behavior and play a vital role in daily life as well as in the education field. Monetary reward have been widely used in research but, to date, few studies have made use of humor as a reward. Humor helps to relieve pressure and facilitates social interaction; it is perceived as enjoyable and, thus, provides a positive reward value. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to compare the impact of humor reward, monetary reward and no reward on cognitive processing, and to better distinguish between effects based on reward anticipation and effects based on reward outcome. Thirty-two participants were recruited and asked to perform the revised MID task, the revised SID task and the Stroop discrimination task. Accuracy and reaction time on the Stroop discrimination task, pleasure after receiving reward feedback, and four event-related potential (ERP) indices (P200, P300, LPP, N400) were measured. The results showed that the accuracy and reaction time on the discrimination task were higher and faster, and participants felt higher pleasure in the monetary reward condition. The ERP results showed that monetary reward elicited larger P200 during reward anticipation, whereas humor reward feedback elicited smaller P300, larger N400 and larger LPP during reward outcome. These results suggest that participants might be more strongly motivated by monetary reward while actually experiencing greater pleasure from humor reward. Further studies might investigate the effect of different reward magnitudes on cognitive processes or the neural mechanism of humor responses (laughter).

致謝詞 i
中文摘要 iii
英文摘要 v
目錄 vii
表次 ix
圖次 xi
研究動機與目的 1
文獻探討 5
一、酬賞理論 5
二、幽默理論 14
三、認知作業 20
四、酬賞與幽默的腦神經機制 23
五、研究假設 24
研究方法 27
一、實驗參與者 27
二、實驗設計 27
三、實驗材料 28
四、實驗程序 29
五、腦波儀記錄與參數設定 31
六、資料分析 31
研究結果 35
一、行為結果 35
二、事件相關電位分析結果 41
綜合討論與建議 59
一、結論與討論 59
二、研究貢獻 64
三、研究限制與建議 66
參考文獻 69
附錄一 81
附錄二 82

中文文獻
詹雨臻（2015）。幽默的腦神經機制。教育與心理研究期刊，38(3)，101-135。
詹雨臻（2017）。動機對認知歷程的影響：以幽默和金錢為酬賞之fMRI研究。科技部專題研究成果報告（編號﹕MOST 105-2410-H-007-027-MY2）。

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